5 years in dog years is about 36 human years
A 5-year-old dog is about 36 in human years if it is medium-sized (21 to 50 lb), on AVMA’s chart. A small dog of the same age is about 36, a large one 40.5 and a giant one 46.5. The DNA clock of a 2020 study gives 56.8.
5 years in human years, by size
| Size | Human years | Life stage (AAHA) | Senior from (VCA) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Small (20 lb or less) | 36 | Mature adult | 11 years |
| Medium (21 to 50 lb) | 36 | Mature adult | 10 years |
| Large (51 to 100 lb) | 40.5 | Mature adult | 8 years |
| Giant (over 100 lb) | 46.5 | Mature adult | 7 years |
Dog age calculator, with 5 years filled in: change the size, or work a human age back to dog years.
A spread of ten years by size
At 5, the chart of this page runs from 36 human years for a small dog to 46.5 for a giant one: the same birthday, more than ten human years apart. AVMA warns that many factors, weight and breed among them, change how a dog ages.
The medium chart is about to take its biggest step: from 36 at 5 to 42 at 6, six human years in one, the largest yearly jump after the second year.
What changes from 4 to 5
This birthday adds 4 for a small dog, 4 for a medium dog, 5.5 for a large dog and 7.5 for a giant dog in human years on the chart. The DNA clock adds 3.6.
Life stage at 5
Dogs of every size are mature adults at 5, by the stages of the 2019 AAHA guidelines and the senior ages of VCA (small 11, medium 10, large 8, giant 7).
No size turns senior at exactly 5.
What the DNA clock says about a 5-year-old dog
Wang et al. (Cell Systems, 2020) matched the DNA methylation of 104 Labrador retrievers with that of people and fitted human age = 16 × ln(dog age) + 31. For 5 years that is 56.8 human years, 20.8 more than the 36 of AVMA’s chart for a medium dog.
At 5, the clock reads older than the chart of every size: it ages young dogs much faster than the charts do.
The seven-year rule at this age
Seven times 5 is 35. The chart puts a 5-year-old dog between 36 and 46.5 human years by size, and the medium dog at 36, so the rule is 1 human years too low for a medium dog. No veterinary source on this page uses it.
Frequently asked questions
How old is a 5-year-old dog in human years?
About 36 for a small dog (20 lb or less), 36 for a medium dog (21 to 50 lb), 40.5 for a large dog (51 to 100 lb) and 46.5 for a giant dog (over 100 lb), on the charts of AVMA, Merck and PetMD. Your veterinarian can tell you where your own dog is.
Is a 5-year-old dog a senior?
Not by size alone: VCA counts dogs as seniors from 7 (giant) to 11 or 12 (small), so a 5-year-old of any size is not there yet. AAHA defines a senior as a dog in the last 25% of its expected life.
Other ages in dog years
Dog age chart: every age and size in one table · Dog age calculator
Sources
- AVMA, Pets age faster than people (chart for a medium-sized dog of 21 to 50 lb)
- Merck Veterinary Manual, Description of Dogs (Antinoff, reviewed October 2026), Dog years versus human years
- PetMD, How Old Is My Dog in Human Years? (Coates, DVM, December 2024)
- Wang T, et al. Quantitative Translation of Dog-to-Human Aging by Conserved Remodeling of the DNA Methylome. Cell Systems 2020;11(2):176–185
- The same study, free full text on PubMed Central (PMC7484147)
- 2019 AAHA Canine Life Stage Guidelines (Creevy et al., JAAHA 2019;55:267–290), Table 1
- VCA Animal Hospitals, How Old is Old? Comparing Dog Age to Human Age (Weir, Llera, Buzhardt)